Improvement in dovetai ling-mach ines



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VILLARD E. SIBLEY, OF WESTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN DOVETAILING-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 45,35 l, dated DecemberG, 1864.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLARD E. SIBLEY, of Weston, in the county ofMiddlesex and State of Massachusetts, have made a new and usefulinvention having reference to Dovetailing Wood; and I do hereby declarethe same to be fully described in the following specification, andrepresented in the accompanying drawings, of whicl1- Figure l is a topview, Fig. 2 an end elevation, Fig. 3 a longitudinal section, and Fig. 4a transverse section, of a dovetailing-machine provided with myinvention. Figs. 5 and 6 are end views of the rotary dovetailingwheelsor cutter-stocks and cutters of such machine. Figs. 7 and 8 are faceviews of the fellow dovetails as made by the machine, while Figs. 9 and10 are edge views of such fellow dovetails.

The two pieces of wood A B lock together at right angles to one another,the dovetails co a c of the piece B entering the recesses b b b of thepiece A. At the same time the dovetails c c c of the piece A enter therecesses d d d of the piece B. The sides of the said dovetails andrecesses are arcs of circles instead of being planes.

In the drawings, C denotes the frame of the machine. Resting on andextending across the frame A at is middle is a rectangular frame,D,which serves to support the cutter-mandrel puppet E in any of itspositions. The said puppet is so adapted to the frame D as to be capableof being slid thereon and moved from one end to the other of it. Thepuppet is fixed in place in any of its positions on the frame by meansof pins e e, which, to fix it in place, are inserted in holes f f f,made in the frame D, and in others made in the puppet E. The said puppetE sustains in boxes y y a mandrel, F, which is not only provided with adriving-pulley, g, but has two dovetailing- Wheels, H I, applied to it,one of them being at each of its opposite ends. The wheel H is intendedto form each recess b, as well as the entering dovetails c c c of thepiece of wood or stuft' A. The cutter-wheel I, by the rotation of themandrel, is to form or make each of the recesses d d d of the piece ofstuff B, and as a consequence it makes the dovetails a c a of such pieceB. Each dovetailing-wheel has one or more cutters applied to its body.Those of the wheel H (and which are shown ath h) are simply chisels withstraight cuttingedges arranged parallel to the axis of the mandrel. Eachcutter i ofthe wheel I has a curved cutting-edge which is an arc of acircle of a radius equal to that ofthe circular path formed by therevolution of the cutting-edge of each cutter h. Each of the cutters imay, however, have `its cuttingedge shaped as shown in Fig. vll--thatis, from a to b it may be straight and parallel to the axis of themandrel, while from b to c it should be curved to the arc of` a circle.When the cutters z' z' are so madethat is, as shown in Fig. ll-thecutting-Wheel I will be adapted to cut dovetails in stu of differentthicknesses. In connection with such dovetailing-wheel a frame orstuff-carrier, K, is employed.y It supports and holds the stuff whilethe dovetails are in the act of being formed in it, and is to beprovided with mechanism by which it may be raised vertically, so as tocause such wheel while revolving to descend into the stuff; or, in otherwords, the stuff to ascend or rise upward while being cut. To each ofthe carriers K there is an arch, Z, provided with a screw, m, which atits foot is connected with a clamp-bar, n, such serving to lix the pieceof wood to the carrier.

There are two elevating-screws, o o, to each stuff-carrier K, suchscrews being revolved simultaneously by means of four bevel-gears, p g rs, one of which is fixed on each screw, the others being xed on ahorizontal and cranked shaft, t, the whole being as shown in thedrawings. By laying hold of and turning the crank u of the said shaftthe stuff-carrier will be forced either upward or downward, as occasionmay require.

There are two adjustable gages, L L, to each carrier K, these gagesbeing formed as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. They are aflixed to the bottomsurface of their carrier by clamp-screws which go through slots made inthe gages. These gages serve as stops to regulate the distance of thewood beyond the inner edges of the stuff-carriers, in order that thedovetailing-wheels may cut into the stui the proper depth to form thedovetails. Moreover, to each stuit-carrier there are one or moreadjustable lateral gages, M M, they being formed and arranged as shownin the drawings. These latter gages condense the stuit' on its oppositesides and adjust it relatively to 'the holes of the frame D.

An endless belt, N, works around the pulley gof the mandrel, and alsoaround awheel, O, iiXed on the driving-shaft P, the Whole being arrangedWithin the frame of the machine in manner as represented in thedrawings.

TWO belt-tighteners, Q R, are disposed on opposite sides. of the belt N,as shown in Fig. 4.. Each of these belt-tighteners consists of a slider,o, supported on horizontal rails w w, and carrying a friction-roll er,m, to rest against the belt. A rod, z, having a series of annulargrooves formed transversely in and around it, extends from each slider,and goes through a box, a', fastened to the frame O. -There is a latch,b, to each grooved rod a', such latch being formed and arranged as shownin the drawings. These belt-tighteners serve to tighten the belt N onits pulleys in any of the positions of the puppet in itssupporting-frame.

In operating this machine after a piece of board may have been appliedto each of its stuff-carriers, We have only to put the cuttermandrel inrevolution, and to elevate each stuff-carrier, so as to cause itsdovetailingwheel to cut into and enter the piece of stuff'. The wheel lis to pass entirely through the wood in such manner as to form a recess,d, (see Figs. 9 and 10,) therein; but the other Wheel-viz., H-Whichmakes a counter-recess, b, (see Figs. 7 and 9,) goes in one side,

but partially through the Wood, and is estopped from cutting thereinwhen its stuffcarrier may have been raised high enoug-h to be arrestedin its movement by two stops, d d', which extend upward from the upperpart of the frame C and project over the stuff-carrier.

The advantage of my improved dovetailing Wheels and machine with respectto many, if not all, other kinds of mechanism for making dovetailsisthat each of the stuff-carriers, While (3o-operating With the Wheelsin producing the dovetails, has onlya vertical movement. It does requireto be subsequently tipped to insure the proper form of the dovetail andits adjacent recess; and, furthermore, the wheels work transversely intothe Wood or stuff, and not longitudinally into it; or, in other words,the stuff-carriers move at right angles to the mandrel, and not indirections longitudinal of it.

By having two belt-tightening mechanisms arranged with respect to thedriving-belt, as specified, such driving-belt can be made to act on moreof the periphery of each pulley, and especially that of the smaller,than it can when but one of such tighteners is employed; consequentlywith the two belt-tighteners a materialv advantage is gained.

I claim- The above-described improved dovetailingmachine, or arrangementof the mandrel carrying the cutter-tools or adjustable supports, thebelt-tighteners, and the devices for holding them in place, the carrierswith their gages and stops, and the shafts and gear that operate therising and falling of the stuff-carriers, when constructed and operatingsubstantially as described.

WILLARD E. SIBLEY.

Witnesses:

R. H. EDDY, F. l?. HALE, J r.

